Tides & it's features

What is Tides? 

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The attraction of the moon and the sun and the repulsion of Centrifugal force of the earth cause the ocean water to swell or rise at regular intervals, is called tide as well as when the sea water goes down, is called ebb.  Generally, for various reasons, the rise of sea water is called tide and the fall of sea water is called ebb.  Twice a day there are tides and two ebbs in the same place. 

Tidal features: 

Rhythmic tides of seawater occur at regular intervals twice a day in the same place of the earth.  

The tides are mainly due to the attraction of the moon and the sun over the water part of the earth, but the effect of the centrifugal force of the earth can also be seen. 

Although tides occur in all parts of the ocean, it is best understood in coastal and estuarine areas.

 The moon plays a major role in creating tides because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun. 

According to modern scientists, the reasons behind the formation of tides are the attraction of the moon and the sun, the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the earth and some other factors.

The attraction of the moon and the sun: 

Just as the earth orbits the sun, so does the moon orbit the earth at the same time.  The sun is about 270 million times larger than the moon and about 255 million times larger in mass.  Nevertheless, since the moon is much closer to the earth than the sun, the attraction of the moon plays a major role in the formation of tides. 

During the rotation, the attraction of the moon is more effective in the part of the earth where the water is in front of the moon.  The tidal wave that causes the water in this part of the moon to swell is called the lunar tide.  It is a type of main tide or primary tide. 

Centrifugal force: 

The rotation of the earth tends to cause air and water to move outward towards the earth as a centrifugal force is created for the rotation of the earth.  This force acts in contrast to the gravitational force.  The opposite part of the earth where the direct attraction of the moon or the sun is not effective, centrifugal force occurs  the indirect tide or secondary tide.  This secondary tidal water becomes less swollen than the main tide.

  What is the ebb?

When the main and secondary tides occur at two places on the earth at the same time, the water at the right angles of both tides goes down a little or the amount of water decreases, this is called ebb.

Filled tide or spring tide:

On the date of the new moon and the full moon, the moon, the sun and the earth are in the same straight line, so that the combined attraction of the sun and the moon at this time causes strong tides and massive tidal waves in the sea.  Such strong tides are called full tides or spring tides. 

Sijigi location:

When the moon, the sun, the earth are in the same straight line on the date of the new moon and the full moon, it is called the Sijigi position in the language of astronomy.  

When the earth is between the moon and the sun on the date of the full moon during such a position, it is called the separation position. 

On the other hand, when the moon is located between the earth and the sun in the Sijigi position on the date of the new moon, it is called the connecting position. 

Since the moon, sun and earth are in the same straight line at such a Sijigi position on the date of the new moon and full moon, the combined attraction of the moon and the sun creates a very strong tide which is much wider than any other day.  The full tide or spring tide that is formed in this form is also called the highest tide. 

How Neap tide or dead tide is created?

On the eighth day of Shukla and Krishnapaksha, when the moon and the sun are at right angles to each other on the earth, a very weak tide is formed which is called dead tide or neap tide.  On this eighth day, the attraction of the moon is effective against attraction of the sun. This caused is a nominal tide on the eighth day due to the reciprocal energy of the moon and the sun. This is called dead tide of neap tide. 

Why is the tide of the new moon stronger than the full moon? 

On a full moon day, the moon is on one side of the earth and the sun is on the other side, and the moon, the sun and the earth are in a straight line. 

On the other hand, in the new moon, the moon and the sun are located on the same side of the earth and  the sun, the earth and the moon are on the same straight line. 

In both cases, the moon, the earth and the sun are in a straight line, but during the new moon, the moon and the sun are on the same side of the earth, but during the full moon, the moon is on one side and the sun is on the other side of the earth.

Due to the positional difference, it is seen that during the new moon, the moon and the sun have a combined attraction on the same side of the earth, which results in a very large tide during the new moon.  During the full moon, the moon on one side of the earth and the sun on the other side attract the water part of the earth separately, so this time and the tide is created, but it is less powerful than the new moon. 

 Tidal Bore:

During the new moon and the full moon, when the moon and the sun form a strong full-bodied wave, the sea water begins to flow rapidly in the opposite direction through the mouth of the river, and a massive tidal surge occurs in the river, is called the Tidal Bore.  During the monsoon season, when a strong current flows into the river, it is compared to the wartime conditions of the two bulls.

Tides facility: 

As the water level in the river rises during high tide, it facilitates the movement of ships and the sediment of the river moves to the sea at low tide, so the depth of the river is maintained. 

During high tide the sea fish enters the river so the fishermen get many benefits. 

Due to the intrusion of salt water in the sea during the tides of coastal  regions, the ports are free of ice and facilitate shipping. 

 Tides can be imagined as a boon as electricity is currently being generated by utilizing the tidal currents. 

difficulties of tides:

On the other hand, there are many difficulties of tides.  During high tide, river water becomes unusable for irrigation and drinking water due to salinity in the sea. 

The high tide caused floods on the banks of the river, destroyed homes, and caused extensive damage to ships.

 In today's age of high technology, knowing the tidal schedule during the new moon and full moon can save a lot of tidal losses and can the tide be used for many positive purposes. 

In coastal areas, the height at which water can rise is called high tide and the height at which water falls from sea level is called low tide.

 As the earth rotates from west to east, the tidal water on the surface of the earth moves like a current from east to west

The apogee position & the perigee position:

When the distance of the moon from the earth is maximum, it is called apogee position.  At this time the distance of the moon from the earth is 4 lakh 7000 million km and the tide created at this time is twenty percent less powerful due to the distance.

 When the distance of the moon from the earth is the shortest, that position is called the perigee position.  At this time the distance of the moon from the earth is 3 lakh 56 thousand km and the tides of this position become twenty percent stronger due to the short distance.

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