INDIA: GEO-NATURAL DIVERSITY, AGRICULTURE & INDUSTRY

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INDIA: GEO-NATURAL DIVERSITY, AGRICULTURE & INDUSTRY

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India is the seventh largest country in the world.  Different geo-natural diversity can be observed from north to south and from east to west of India.  From the crescent-shaped Himalayas in the north of India to the plains of northern India, the Deccan Plateau and the various rivers together give India a special geo-natural feature.  In India, on the one hand, there are mountains like Himalayas, Aravalli, Bindu and Satpura, Nilgiri, on the other hand, there are innumerable rivers like Ganga, Indus, Brahmaputra and Krishna, Kaberi.  Geographically, the Tropic of Cancer stretches from east to west along the middle of India, located in the Indian tropics. 

India has now emerged as a developing country in the world through various post-independence plans.  The mainstay of India's economy is agriculture and various industries have been created around this agriculture.  At present, due to the efforts of government and by investment of various capitalists groups like Tata, Jindal, Ambani, various developments have spread in India.  Plans have also been taken to expand small and medium industries in the government sector and progress has been made in heavy industries.  In the post-independence period, the industry has been developed in the same way as agriculture has been developed through various five-year plans.  The industry of iron, steel, aluminum, textiles, etc. has flourished in India by harnessing favorable ideal climate and cheap labor and adequate natural and energy resources. 

Now we will learn about the regional divisions of India, the river, climate, the natural plant, agriculture and the industry of India in the form of points.

Natural Division of India: 

India is very diverse in terms of geo-nature because the diversity seen here from different mountains to river-bound plateaus is unique in the history of the world.

To the north are the Himalayas, the Ladak Plateau and the Tibet Plateau, and to the south are the Sri Lanka, Pak Strait, the Gulf of Manna and the Indian Ocean.  On the other hand, to the east of India  the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh, Myanmar and to the west, the Arabian Sea, Pakistan and Afghanistan. 

India's geographical location on the world map is particularly important because India is surrounded on three sides by water and on the north by various hill stations.  The various hill and plateau regions and forests of India are rich in natural resources and thus make a significant contribution to the economic development of India.

 Fertile silt in riverine areas of India is ideal for agriculture.  The area of ​​India is about 32 lakh 87 thousand sq km.  About 10% of the total area of ​​India is mountainous, 18% is hills and highlands, 27% is plateau and about 45% is plain.

Godwin Austin is the second highest peak in the world and the highest mountain in India.  This mountain peak is known as K2 and it is located on Karakoram mountain which has an elevation of 8,611 meters.

 Kanchenjunga, the third highest mountain in the world, is located in India at an altitude of 8,598 meters.  This Kanchenjunga is the highest peak in the eastern Himalayas. 

Khardangla is the highest mountain-pass in India. It is located in Himachal Pradesh.  The height of Khardangla pass is 5359 meters. 

The longest tunnel in Asia, including India, is the Jahor Tunnel.  It is also known as Banihal Pass. 

The highest plateau in India is the Ladakh Plateau.  The Deccan Plateau in India is called the Deccan Trap. 

The Kashmir Valley is called Switzerland of India and Jammu and Kashmir is called the Paradise of India. 

Himachal Pradesh is called the Apple State of India and Kerala is called the Spice Garden of India.

 Punjab is called the land of five rivers and Andhra Pradesh is called the egg basket of Asia. 

The valley of Kashmir is called the paradise of the East. 

The river plains of northern India are the largest stored plains in the world. 

Majuli Island on the Brahmaputra River is the largest river island in India. 

The Nilgiris are the Blue Mountains of India and Dodabeta is the highest peak of the Nilgiris. 

The Thor Desert is the only desert region in India located in the western part of India in parts of Rajasthan. 

The Western Ghats are located along the west coast of India with the highest peak being the Bhabul Mala.

 The Purbaghat range is located along the east coast of India with the highest peak being Zindaganda. 

Anaimudi is the highest peak in South India.

 Gurushikhar is the highest peak of Aravalli mountain and Dhupgarh is the highest peak of Satpura mountain. 

The Himalayas are a new mountain range and Aravalli is the oldest mountain range in India.

 The largest lakes in India, including Asia, is Chilka and the longest Kayal  is Vembanad on the west coast. 

The Rice-bowl of India is called the plain of northern India and the Rice-bowl of southern India is called the Kormandal coast of Tamil Nadu.

 Baren in India is a living volcano and Narcondam is a dead volcano in India. 

 Rivers in India:

The Ganges is the main and longest river in India and the Ganges Brahmaputra delta is the largest delta in the world.

The Ganges is the longest river in India and the Jamuna is a tributary of the Ganges. 

This Jamuna is the longest tributary of India. 

The Godavari River is called the Ganges of South India in terms of length and the Kaveri River is also called Ganges of South compared to the Ganges in terms of sanctity.

 Chilka, the largest lake in India, is located on the coast of Orissa.

 The highest salt water lake in the world is Pangong in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir.

Ular lake in Kashmir is one of the largest famous lake in India and Kolleru Lake located in Andhra Pradesh is one of the largest lake in India. 

 Ular is the largest freshwater lake in India and Sambar is the largest salt water lake.

 Siachen is the longest glacier in India with a length of 76 km.

The largest irrigation canal in India is the Indira Gandhi Canal and the longest dam is the Hirakud Dam in Orissa. 

The highest dam in India is Tehri Dam. 

The Ganges is the 39th longest river in the world and has been officially declared a national river in India. 

The Ganga Action Plan has been formulated to decontaminate the Ganges at the national level. 

Damodar River Plan is an important multipurpose river project in India, a joint venture between the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal.

The Bhakra Nangal Plan is the largest multipurpose river project in India located on the Shatadru River. 

Rainwater harvesting schemes were first launched in 2001 in the state of Tamil Nadu. 

The Indus River originates in the Sin Kabab Glacier in Tibet and flows into the Arabian Sea. 

The Ganges River originates from the Gomukh Cave of the Kumaun Himalayas Gangotri Glacier and falls into the Bay of Bengal. 

The Brahmaputra River originates from the Cheema-Un-Dang Glacier near Manas Sarobar in Tibet and flows into the Bay of Bengal. 

In India, Loni is an inland river that originates in the Anna Sagar near the Aravalli Mountains.

 India's highest waterfall Yoga or Mahatma Gandhi Falls which is located on the Sarabati River. 

Shivsamudram of Kaberi River ,Hudru of Subarnarekha River, Sahasradhara and Dhoyadhar of Narmada River and Kapildhara are some of the notable waterfalls of India.

 

Climate & Rainfall:

India has a tropical monsoon climate and  summer, monsoon, autumn and winter are the main seasons in India. 

Mausinram near Cherrapunji in the state of Meghalaya has the highest rainfall in the world. 

Rajasthan is the warmest region in India and Jaisalmer in Rajasthan is the driest region in India. 

Balan in Rajasthan is the driest place in India.

  Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir is the coldest region in India. 

Western-storm is seen in Punjab-Haryana and North West India, Kalbaishakhi is seen in West Bengal & Orissa, Mango-Rain is seen in Kerala and Karnataka Coastal of South India, Coffee-Rain in  Karnataka, Loo wind is found in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Punjab,  Ashwin storm is found in West Bengal. 

In India, monsoon rains is started by south-west monsoon wind in June-July.  

The onset of monsoon rains is accompanied by thunder and lightning. This is called  Blust of monsoon .

Soil:

 In India, the fertile soil formed by new sediments along the river is called Khadar and the barren old silt is called Bhangar. 

A large area of ​​South India is made up of black soil and is called black corpus soil as it produces good cotton.

 Sirozem is found in the deserts of India and podsol soils in the hills. 

The Soil Research Center in India is located at Bhopal. 

The alluvial soils along the Ganges in a vast area of ​​northern India are an ideal agricultural belt of India. 

Saline sandy soils are found in the eastern and western coastal areas of India. 

Forest:

Tropical deciduous forests are found in most parts of India.

Evergreen rain forest are found in west-coastal mountains  region.

 The Sundarbans region of West Bengal has the largest mangrove forest in the world.

 India's main forest research center is located in Dehradun, Uttarakhand.

 March 21 is World Forest Day.

Agriculture:

 Indian agriculture is dependent on seasonal rainfall and the main food crops of India are paddy and wheat.

 In India, rainfed crops are called kharif crops and winter based crops are called rabi crops. 

In India, food revolution is called Green revolution, milk revolution is called White revolution, oilseed production is called Yellow revolution, fish production is called Blue revolution, shrimp production is called Pink revolution, tomato and meat production is called Red revolution, potato production is called  Round revolution. 

Industry:

Most of India's industries are centered on agriculture and forestry and mineral resources. 

The largest iron and steel factory in India is TISCO, Jamshedpur. 

The oldest industry in India is the corpus weaving industry and Ahmedabad is called the Manchester of India.

 Kanpur is called Manchester in North India and Coimbatore is called Manchester in South India. 

Chennai is called the Detroit of India. 

Maruti Udyog Limited is the largest motor vehicle manufacturing company in India.

Compared to the Rur industrial area of ​​Germany, Durgapur is called the Rur of India.

 Bangalore is India's largest IT hub and Bangalore is called Silicon Valley. 

Pune is one of the world's leading IT industries and has India's largest IT park and it is also called Tech City.

 Villai is the largest government  undertaking iron and steel industry center in India. 

Saleem is the largest hybrid steel Industry in India. 

 Howrah is called the  Sheffield of east.

India's first petrochemical industry was developed at Trombay. 

TISCO, India's largest private iron and steel industry, has been set up on the banks of the Subarnarekha and Ghar Kai rivers.

 SAIL is the largest steel producer Industry in India.

  By- onlinenewclass.blogspot.com  .    You may Share & Follow this link for More information.

By- onlinenewclass.blogspot.com   For more Beautiful Article Go to LEBELs Option

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   It is very important G.K for any Kind of Competitive Exams.