THE RELATION BETWEEN POLLUTION & DISEASE

THE RELATION BETWEEN POLLUTION & DISEASE:

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Well-educated and healthy people are the most important resource for any region or country in the world.  We know that the national income of a country as a whole is the financial income of the people of a country who employ themselves in the field of various economic activities.   Healthy people are a driving force and a functional resource in any country.  In countries like China, India, etc., the population is more than the natural resources and a large number of people are deprived of various public health benefits due to this extra population.

 In developed countries like Norway, Sweden, France, Germany, Denmark, etc., the proportion of natural resources and population is desirable, so the public health of the people there is closely monitored.  Therefore, public health has an inseparable relationship with the natural resources and social environment of a country.  The people who grew up normally and smoothly are the real artisans of building the economy and society of the country. 

Since March 2021, the effects of the corona virus have reached an epidemic around the world, with developing countries like India being affected in various ways.  India's population is the second largest in the world.  The relationship of public health with the social environment is very pertinent to discuss in depth from several angles. 

Air is an important element of the environment but for various reasons this living air has now lost its pure properties.  Not only in India, but in many countries of the world, clean air has been polluted due to various reasons such as deforestation, industrial growth and so on.  The effects of this polluted air have caused various diseases in the human body such as shortness of breath, lung problems, high blood pressure, bronchitis, cancer, tuberculosis, chicken pox, etc. 

Citizens of every country in the world need to protect air, one of the elements of the environment, from pollution in the interest of new sustainable development.  The whole world needs to work together to create a sense of environmental awareness and forest needs for the new generation by balancing oxygen and carbon dioxide by planting new trees and should make a system to test factory smoke through government legislation. 

Water is one of the elements of an air-like environment.  Another name for this water is life.  The existence of animals or creatures that can live without pure water is rare in the world.  About three-quarters of the earth is water and one-third is land.  A large part of this water is filled with sea and ocean shores. 

These saline oceans of the earth actually act as an antibiotic to prevent pollution of the earth.  These ocean waters are saline for some reason given by the geographical God. If they were not saline, it would not be possible for life to survive on earth.  Various polluted materials are falling into the sea or ocean through different rivers and small and big streams.  Because the waters of the sea or ocean are salty, these pollutants remain in the pure form of the ocean even after they fall into the ocean.  The coastal areas play an important role in terms of biodiversity.  In addition to ocean water, groundwater reserves are also being damaged and polluted for a variety of reasons.

 According to various surveys of the world, people are suffering from cholera, typhoid, dysentery, hepatitis and other diseases due to water pollution.  Water quality must be maintained through water conservation methods to keep the world's water resources intact for future generations.  To prevent water pollution, domestic or international laws need to be enacted to protect the world's water from all kinds of pollution.  It has been observed that even after reaching the pinnacle of development, many industrialized countries of the world have become disoriented in technology and are conducting atomic bomb training in the oceans.  In addition to the explosion of radioactive material in the sea, pollutants from mills and various industrial sources continue to contaminate the water.

 

When various physical and organic and inorganic elements of the earth create harmful conditions in the environment, when the quality of the environment is damaged, it is called environmental degradation.  Environmental degradation is directly related to public health. 

When air and water are the main components of the environment, the environment is more damaged.  When a pollutant exceeds a certain level, it has a negative effect on the living world and harms public health, then that level is called safe level or threshold limit value (TLV).  This is called TLV for short.

Various Gases & Disease:  

Carbon-monoxide and carbon dioxide as air pollutants cause various diseases such as shortness of breath, vision loss, headache, loss of oxygen carrying capacity in the blood, etc. 

Sulfur dioxide directly causes eye discomfort, respiratory problems, heart problems, coughs, etc. 

Nitrogen oxides cause extensive damage to the body's central nervous system, as well as damage to the lungs and blood, causing eye, nose and throat discomfort. 

Hydrogen sulphate causes stomach upset, bad head, sore throat, etc. 

Hydrocarbons can play a role in lung disease, even in respiratory diseases and even in cancer. 

Ozone gas causes bleeding in the lungs and cancer, causes headaches bronchitis and gas problems. 

Chlorine causes respiratory tract irritation and eye problems. 

So the more the amount of different  pollutant gases in the environment, the more diseases will be seen in humans.  The average amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in rural and urban areas should not exceed 80 micr grams per cubic meter. 

All air pollutant gases directly cause various diseases in human life, on the other hand, it initiates global warming by increasing the overall temperature of the environment through the greenhouse effect.  It should be noted that the United States, Russia, Germany, France and other countries are at the forefront of global warming.

           

Water quality is deteriorating due to human activities and various natural causes which is causing adverse reactions in the animal kingdom.  At present, water is being heavily polluted due to industrial and agricultural wastes, oil floating in the sea, acid rain, growth of pathogens in the water, etc.

 Sulfur compounds from industrial plants are contaminating  the water as well as  various metals such as phosphorus and chlorine compounds and lead ,copper, zinc, chromium.  Ammonia, sulphate , chloride and phosphate from agricultural fields are contaminating the water.

 Mineral oil and its by-products have spread into the water, causing widespread water pollution.  Much of the oil was lost at sea during the Iraq-Kuwait&Iraq-Iraq war, resulting in massive water pollution

Water Pollution & Disease:

Water pollution causes various harmful effects.  Observations have shown that typhoid, jaundice, causes diarrhea, tuberculosis and hepatitis from contaminated water. 

Mercury contamination in water causes Minamata disease. 

In addition, excess chlorine, nickel, iron, copper and cyanide added to water can cause various skin diseases and stomach ailments. 

Excess fluorine in the water can cause kidney problems, allergies, paralysis and other diseases. 

Contamination caused by arsenic in water causes asthma, bronchitis and various liver diseases.  There is also a black sore on the soles of the feet which is called black foot disease.  Already many people have died of black foot disease in Chile and Taiwan.  Water pollution indirectly causes various viral and bacterial diseases in humans. 

In the current Corona situation, people need to be much more aware than usual.  It is important to keep in mind that water and air and soil should not be polluted in any way as an integral part of the environment.  The lack of human awareness and neglect for a long time has resulted in the loss of quality of various elements of the environment. 

Deterioration of the quality of various elements of the environment like water and air means deterioration of public health.  People need to give more importance to natural ingredients instead of artificial  and we need to conserve natural ingredients for our own needs.  If we do not pay attention to maintaining physical fitness as well as maintaining environmental quality, we will have to pay much more in future. 

Plastic pollution is one of the most common pollution today.  In the world of artificial civilization, due to the use of excess polythene or plastic material, water and soil are losing their quality and various animals are being severely affected.  The issue of plastic pollution is extremely sensitive to people around the world.

At present, our ozone layer, which is essential for our protection, due to increasing the amount of chlorofluorocarbons, is being damaged, which is disrupting photosynthesis and harming various animals.  Damage to the ozone layer causes ultraviolet rays to reach the earth directly and this reduces the immunity of various animals and reduces the fertility of the organism. In addition, the effects of ultraviolet rays cause skin cancer called melanoma. 

These chlorofluorocarbons and nitrogen oxides are the most produced in the industrialized countries of the world.  “The Vienna Convention” in 1998 and the “Montreal Convention” in 1998 have already been signed to prevent these gases from being released into the air arbitrarily. 

Pesticides & Disease

In addition to these, various biochemical methods that are being used to kill unwanted pests are having a negative impact on the environment.  The use of different types of pesticides like Shafin, Aldrin, DDT etc. to increase agricultural production is leading to different types of diseases in different animals.  Excessive use of DDT is upsetting the balance of the ecosystem and destroying the lips of various birds, and increasing the amount of DDT in the human body can lead to cancer.  Excessive accumulation of Aldrin, shafin in the human body weakens the nerves and causes headaches.  On the other hand, the use of pesticides such as Aldrin Myerx is causing diseases such as nerve weakness, lung and stomach diseases, abortion, cataracts . 

At present, people have to maintain the ecological balance by planting new saplings on the one hand, and on the other hand, the government has to create various restrictions to protect the environment from all kinds of pollution.  The next generation will have to pay a lot more if we do not have civic awareness as well as healthy consciousness and ability to set healthy policies.